REDLINED SUBSTITUTE SPECIFICATION
`ATTORNEY DOCKETNO. 736456.495USPC
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`PAGING OCCASION DESIGN IN NEW RADIO
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`BACKGROUND
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`+Technical Field
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`The present disclosure relates to paging of user devices in a communication system.
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`2—Description of Related Art
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`New Radio (NR)is the technology being developed by the 3Generation Partnership
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`Project (3GPP) to be submitted to the International Telecommunications Union as a 5G
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`candidate technology. One of the most notable aspects of NR is the fact that it 1s being designed
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`taking into account the operation using beamforming (Dahlmanef al. “4G, LTE-Advanced Pro
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`and The Road to 5G,”; 3rd Ed. Elsevier. 2016), which will be especially useful in high frequency
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`bands. Broadly speaking, beamforming allows to concentrate the energy of a given radio
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`transmission in a certain direction, such that the range can be extendedto, for instance,
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`compensate the high propagation loss in high frequencies. Given that 5G is expected to operate
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`in high frequencies, where more spectrum is available, beamforming operation is key in NR.
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`BRIEF SUMMARY
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`One non-limiting and exemplary embodimentfacilitates efficient monitoring of paging
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`messages by a user equipment.
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`In one general aspect, the techniques disclosed here provide user device for transmitting
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`and/or receiving data to/from a base station in a communication system comprising circuitry
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`which, in operation: receives paging occasion configuration from the base station, including at
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`least one parameter for configuring a predefined time-domain pattern for receiving paging
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`occasion within a paging cycle; and performsreception of paging signal in the paging occasions
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`within the predefined time-domain pattern configured according to the received paging occasion
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`configuration.
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`REDLINED SUBSTITUTE SPECIFICATION
`ATTORNEY DOCKETNO. 736456.495USPC
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`It should be noted that general or specific embodiments may be implemented as a system,
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`a method, an integrated circuit, a computer program, a storage medium,or any selective
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`combination thereof.
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`Additional benefits and advantages of the disclosed embodiments will become apparent
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`from the specification and drawings. The benefits and/or advantages may be individually
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`obtained by the various embodimentsand features of the specification and drawings, which need
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`not all be provided in order to obtain one or more of such benefits and/or advantages.
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`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OFTHESEVERALVIEWSOFTHEDRAWINGS
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`Figure 1 is a schematic drawing ofthe allocation of synchronization blocks in resources.
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`Figure 2 is an illustration of beamforming performed by a basestation.
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`Figure 3A is an illustration of the slots for a paging occasion;
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`Figure 3B is an illustration of the slots for a paging occasionfilled with paging
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`CORESETs;
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`Figure 4 is a schematic illustration of different NR numerologies and the corresponding
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`SSBs;
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`Figure 5 is a schematic drawingillustrating different multiplexing patterns;
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`Figure 6 is a schematic illustration of SSB mappingintothe first half-frame;
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`Figure 7 is a table exemplifying relation between duration in symbols of RMSI
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`CORESETandthe respective multiplexing pattern for different numerologies;
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`Figure 8 is an table exemplifying relation between frequency bands, synchronization
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`signal length and numerology for NR;
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`Figure 9 is block diagram illustrating an exemplary user device and basestation;
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`Figure 10 is a schematic drawingillustrating predefined pattern for PO locations, namely
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`location on a raster and uniformly distributed locations;
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`Figure 11 is a schematic drawingillustrating location of POs on a raster within a paging
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`cycle;
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`cycle;
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`Figure 12 is a schematic drawingillustrating location of POs on a raster within a paging
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`REDLINED SUBSTITUTE SPECIFICATION
`ATTORNEY DOCKETNO. 736456.495USPC
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`Figure 13 is a schematic drawingillustrating uniformly distributed PO locations over a
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`paging cycle;
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`Figure 14 is a schematic drawingillustrating configuration of PO location.
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`DETAILED DESCRIPTION
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`In order to support beamforming operation, several aspects of NR, including
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`functionalities like time/frequency synchronization and paging, among others, need to be re-
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`designed. This disclosure regards paging design in NR.
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`An important functionality in mobile cellular systems (also in NR) is the paging
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`mechanism, by which the network locates UEs with incomingtraffic (voice calls or data). The
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`antenna beams provide more range (distance between the base station and user device to
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`communicate with each other) but their coverage is narrower than the conventionaltri-sectorial
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`cells. Since paging is about localizing a UE withinacell (or group ofcells), paging operation
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`needs to be adapted to the beam-sweeping operation in NR. Thus, some design principles from
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`LTE can be inherited in NR but other notions, such as paging occasion definition and paging
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`occasion resource allocation need to be adapted.
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`In the context of cellular systems, paging is a mechanism by whichthe network locates a
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`User Equipment, UE, (in IDLE mode) within a given geographical area referred to as tracking
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`area, possibly composedof several cells, to initiate a connection setup. Since the network does
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`not know the exact geographical position of the UE to be paged, beamformed paging messages
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`(used in NR) need to be transmitted in different directions at different time instants in order to
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`guarantee that the UE to be paged is found. Here, the term “network” mainly refers to a base
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`station (also referred to as gNB in NR) with which the VE communicates via wireless interface
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`and whichis connectedto the rest of the network. The UE is any mobile station implemented for
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`instance in a terminal such as mobile phone, smartphone,tablet, laptop, PC, or any other device.
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`It is noted that the paging design of this disteesure-disclosure may be applied to two
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`modes in the NR, namely to RRC_IDLEstate and RRCINACTIVE state. These are commonly
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`referred to as IDLE and INACTIVE modes. These modes apply according to 3GPP TS 38.304
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`v0.1.2 (2018-02): when the UE is camped on a NR cell; and when the UE is searchingfora cell
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`

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`REDLINED SUBSTITUTE SPECIFICATION
`ATTORNEY DOCKETNO. 736456.495USPC
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`to camp on. A UE is camped ona cell if it has completed the cell selection/reselection process
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`and has chosen a cell. The UE monitors system information and (in most cases) paging
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`information in these states. The RRC_IDLEstate and RRC_INACTIVEstate tasks can be
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`subdivided into three processes: PLMN selection; cell selection and reselection; location
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`registration and RNA update. Cell selection is only applicable to RRC_IDLEstate.
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`However, the present disclosure is not limited to the very particular NR states. In
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`general, it is applicable to any UEstate in which the cell broadcast and paging channels are
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`monitored. This is typically (not only in NR but also in LTE or other systems) the case when
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`there is no current data bearer configured and no pending communication between the UE and
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`the base station. If there is an exchange of data and signaling between the UE and basestation,
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`then the control information may also be transmitted over suchlinks, 7.e., faster than monitoring
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`the paging channel. In the following, when referring to IDLEMODE,any idle mode suchas the
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`NR modes mentioned above is meant. Thus, an IDLE UE is any UE in an IDLEMODE.
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`The overall paging design and operation comprises two interconnected problems:
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`1)
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`PO structure design. This is about determining the length and composition
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`of each individual paging occasion. In LTE,the notion of PO refers to both paging frame and
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`subframe in which a given UE has to monitor paging Downlink Control Information (DCI). In
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`NR,the PO has been agreed to be composed of one or more slots which duration is such that a
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`complete beam sweeping of paging signals can be allocated. Indeed, each PO must contain one
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`CORESETassociated (and quasi-colocated) to each SSB. Thus, with a variable numberof
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`beams in a cell, the length of POs is also variable and would depend on the maximum numberof
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`Synchronization Blocks (SSBs), i.e., the parameter 1 which in turn depends on the numerology,
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`or the numberofactually transmitted SSBs, tet#s-letussay a variable 1’< ZL. In addition, fora
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`given L, it is also possible to take several approaches. For instance, a certain /-specific length
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`allowing blanks within the PO in time-positions where SSBs are not transmitted or using a length
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`that directly depends on the numberofactually transmitted SSBs (Z’). In any case, variable
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`length PO needs to be considered in NR, and hence, the next problem,that of allocation of POs
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`must take this factor into consideration.
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`

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`REDLINED SUBSTITUTE SPECIFICATION
`ATTORNEY DOCKETNO. 736456.495USPC
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`2)
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`PO allocation. This is about the allocation of the different POs within the
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`system’s paging cycle. In LTE, system’s paging cycle is indicated as system information andit
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`is assumed as default by UEs unless UE-specific configuration (UE-specific DRX cycle)is
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`provided. Then, UEsare distributed among the different POs by means of mod-type operations,
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`while the number of POs depends on the paging-load and can be modified. The same principles
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`apply to NR, however, there are some important differences. Paging CORESEThasbeen agreed
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`to reuse the same configuration as RMSI CORESET,which meansthat paging CORESETS at
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`least for RRC_IDLEaretransmitted within theinitial active downlink bandwidth part TAD_BP).
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`This bandwidth part may or may not overlap with the bandwidth in which SSBs are transmitted,
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`and hence, collisions between CORESETs and SSBs (and amongdifferent CORESETs) must be
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`avoided. All in all, the PO allocation strategy should flexible enough to be applied and adapted
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`to several other cell-specific configurations, such as the SSB-CORESETmultiplexing pattern
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`(pattern 1, 2, or 3, see [3]), or SSB periodicity.
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`A similar behavteutbehavior has been already agreed for the synchronization signals
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`providing time and frequency reference to the UE, i.e., these signals are beam-swept(i.e.,
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`transmitted on different beams in different time instants) in the cell in such a way that UEs can
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`access the system after obtaining the time-frequency reference and someother information from
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`the so-called Synchronization Signal Blocks (SSBs).
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`The term “pre-synchronization”refers to a design principle that has been discussed in
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`somestandardization meetings. Especially for fast moving UEs in IDLE_MODE,itis desirable
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`or even necessary to receive the synchronization block before attempting to receive and decode
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`the paging occasion. As the UE is movingfast, time and frequency reference is potentially
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`degraded, so IDLE UEs would need to “update” (re-sync) before receiving the paging. Hence,
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`having the POs after SSBs is just desirable.
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`Hence, given that SSBs and paging signals present a similar-behayvtour behavior, 7.e., both
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`need to be beam-swept,it is expected that certain associations or relationships can be exploited.
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`SSBs are blocks of resources consisting of a predetermined number of symbols in time domain,
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`for instance four symbols, and a predetermined numberof subcarriers or physical resource
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`blocks. The number of symbols and/or sub-carriers or physical resource blocks may be defined
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`REDLINED SUBSTITUTE SPECIFICATION
`ATTORNEY DOCKETNO. 736456.495USPC
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`in a standard or configurable in system resources. The SSB may carry Primary Synchronization
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`Signal (PSS), Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS) and the Physical Broadcast Channel
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`(PBCH).
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`With respect to LTE, one fundamental change in NR is the fact that, due to beam-seeping
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`operation, the length in term of OFDM symbols orslots is not fixed because a PO hasto contain
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`as many paging COnfiguration REsource SETs (CORESETs)as synchronization blocks (beams).
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`In addition, paging CORESETs(as well as Remaining Minimum System Information, RMSI,
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`and Other System Information, OSI) are to be confined within a certain specific bandwidth
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`portion called Initial Active Downlink Bandwidth Part IADBP). The bandwidth to be used for
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`the synchronization blocks may or may not overlap with the IADBP. In case of overlapping,
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`collisions are not allowed in general. Thus, the problem of paging occasion allocation, that of
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`determining the time and frequency resources for the paging CORESETis nottrivial, and a
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`unified framework(7.e., applicable to all relevant paging-affecting configurations) for NR is
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`encouraged.
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`This disclosure provides several strategies to address the aforementioned problem by
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`providing a common framework that allows gNBs to flexibly allocate the POs taking into
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`account other operator-defined configurations, such as the number of SSBs, the multiplexing
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`pattern, system numerology, and so on. Theallocation strategies also allow avoiding collisions
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`among control signals, while maintaining the required commoncontrol signaling overhead
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`(system information) acceptable and without need for additional UE-specific signaling, except
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`for cases where UE-specific configuration is required.
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`This disclosure relates to on-going work item on NR access technology (RP-171418 —
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`“Revision of WI: New Radio Access Technology,”; S. Y. Lien, 8. L. Shieh, Y. Huang, B. Su, Y.
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`L. Hsu and H. Y. Wei, “5G New Radio: Waveform, Frame Structure, Multiple Access, and
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`Initial Access,” in JEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 55, no. 6, pp. 64-71, 2017). It is
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`relevant to the “initial access” framework. Initial access includes, among otherthings,
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`synchronization signals and paging design. In particular, some embodiments provide
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`mechanisms by which paging messages are embeddedinto the resources of the NR system, to
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`make moreefficient the paging reception at UE side. However, the present disclosure is not
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`

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`REDLINED SUBSTITUTE SPECIFICATION
`ATTORNEY DOCKETNO. 736456.495USPC
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`limited to being employed in the NR and mayreadily be applied to other mobile and/orcellular
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`communication systems in which the UE hasto be paged.
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`The following points summarize the paging operation in the predecessor Long Term
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`Evolution (LTE) system, and highlightthe similarities and differences in NR.
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`—
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`Pagingis used to locate UEsin the tracking area, to initiate a setup
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`connection, when UE is in IDLE mode. Therefore, in the LTE, a paging messageis broadcasted
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`in each cell of the tracking area. This operation based on tracking areas is similar in the NR.
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`-
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`In LTE,to receive paging messages, a mechanism similar to data
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`transmission is used: a UE first receives and monitors control information (L1/L2 signaling
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`meaning layer 1 / layer 2 signaling which refers to physical layer and MAC layer) to know where
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`and whenthe actual paging messageis transmitted. Hereafter, this L1/L2 signaling and the
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`actual paging messageare referred to as paging DCI (Downlink Control Information) and paging
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`message, respectively. DCIs are carried on a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH).
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`This behavior is also adopted in the NR,at least as baseline. Moreover, in the context of the NR,
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`the paging DCIis contained in a set of resources generally called CORESET. Thus, the UE
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`needs to locate and receive the paging CORESETin orderto receive the paging message. In
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`other words, CORESETis a set of time-frequency resources where a UE monitors PDCCH
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`(DCI) reception.
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`-
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`In the LTE, the paging DCI/messageare broadcastedin the cells of the
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`tracking area, while in the NR, beam operation is supported in general, i.e., paging messagesare
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`transmitted in different directions in different time slots.
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`—
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`In orderto allow an energy-efficient operation in the LTE, the IDLE mode
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`UEssleep most of the time, and wake up only whenthey are potentially paged. The time-
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`instances in which UEscan be pagedare called Paging Occasion (PO), and hence, a paging cycle
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`is defined. By meansof predefined formulas, using the UE ID and other parameters, each UE
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`determines when,i.e., the PO (frame and subframe), it must monitor paging. Hereafter, this is
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`referred to as PO calculation. In the NR, similar behavior is expected, although with some
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`differences. The UEsalso determine the time-location of their corresponding PO, i.e., from the
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`UE perspective a particular PO among the POs in the paging cycle for which the reception is
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`

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`REDLINED SUBSTITUTE SPECIFICATION
`ATTORNEY DOCKETNO. 736456.495USPC
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`performed by the UE,using a predefined formula, and monitor such POs periodically. To
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`support beam sweeping operation, PO is defined as a time interval, possibly composedof several
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`time-slots (in whichall the required beamsare transmitted). Thus, in principle, the UE listens
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`during the whole PO interval to verify whether a paging message, relevantto it, has been sent.
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`-
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`In LTE, PO indicates a frame and a subframe in which the paging DCIis
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`possibly transmitted (using a reserved ID: P-RNTI,i.e., Paging Radio Network Temporary
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`Identifier which is a group ID). In the NR,the operation is more flexible. The paging
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`CORESETcanbe transmitted in different OFDM symbols (hereafter referred to as symbols)
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`within the slot, and its duration is also variable, 7.e., paging CORESET duration can be one or
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`more symbols. Thus, to indicate a UE the exact time-location of the paging CORESETto be
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`monitored, an indication with resolution of symbols is required. The slots are composed of 14
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`symbols in the time domain. Paging messagedetails are defined in 3GPP TS 36.331, Section
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`6.2.2, version f.1.0 or TS 38.331, v. 15.1.0. In the NR, a time-structure similar to the LTE is
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`adopted, but with differences due to the use of different numerologies. The (radio) frame of
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`10ms is preserved, as well as the subframes of Ims; but the numberofslots within the frame
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`depends on the numerology,thus, for 15KHz we have 1 slots per subframe, for 30 KHz we have
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`2 slots per subframe, and so on. The number of OFDM symbols perslots is the same (14)
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`regardless of the numerology, cf. 3GPP TS 38.211 V15.0.0 (page 8 and 9).
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`In other words, Paging Occasionis a set of slots (continuous or distributed) in which a
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`UE monitors paging-PDCCH(also referred to as type-2 PDCCH). A PO is defined as the time
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`interval over which paging signals are transmitted and, as mentioned, it is composed of one or
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`multiple time-slots. Paging signals include paging DCI and paging message. As described
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`above, paging DCI is transmitted on type-2 PDCCH,with configuration provided by a higher
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`layer parameter paging-SearchSpace (higherlayer here refers to RRC protocol). Paging message
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`is transmitted through PDSCH.In principle, the paging DCI and paging message may be time-
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`division multiplexed and/or frequency-division multiplexed.
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`The paging cycle is also referred to as discontinuous reception (DRX) cycle in the
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`context of 3GPP specifications such as LTE and NR.It is noted that in general, the paging cycle
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`in which base station provides paging occasions(referred to as system paging cycle or a paging
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`REDLINED SUBSTITUTE SPECIFICATION
`ATTORNEY DOCKETNO. 736456.495USPC
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`cycle from network point of view) may differ from the paging cycle in which a particular one UE
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`accesses (performs reception for) certain among the POs provided by the network (also referred
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`to as UE-specific paging cycle, or paging cycle according to point of view of the UE). The
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`present disclosure is applicable for the system paging cycle which mayalso correspond to the
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`UE paging cycle. Moreover, as described later on, embodiments are provided for cases in which
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`UE-specific paging cycle is provided for a UE.
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`From UE point of view,it is one period with POs, which is repeated. Specific values are
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`not yet set for NR, but particular value is immaterial for the present disclosure which may work
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`with any value. It has been discussed that the minimum DRX cycle is 32 frames,i.e., 320ms.
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`The eNB can configure UE-specific DRX cycle, different from the default system’s paging cycle
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`which is informed to UEs as system information.
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`The period for POs (paging/DRX cycle) may or may not correspond to the period of the
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`SSBs (Tsss). Tssp is the periodicity with which synchronization blocks are transmitted. This
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`value may be selected from the following set: {5, 10, 20, ... , 160} [ms]; with 20msbeing the
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`default value for all the bands; but operator can adjust this value.
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`Number of POs denotes the number of POs in the system’s paging cycle (Neo).
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`Depending on paging capacity requirements, gNB can configure another suitable Neo. Hence,
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`the number of POs could range, for instance, from 32 to 128. It is possible to page up to 16 UEs
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`per PO (actual UE IDs are in the paging message). In the paging occasion, if paging CORESET
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`with P-RNTI appears, then it indicates to the UE that there is a paging messagethat the UE need
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`to decode. How/where the paging message is, is a scheduling matter. It is in the paging
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`messages where UE IDs are usedto distinguish between messagesof different UEs.
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`As mentioned above, Paging Occasion Calculation (POC) is a mechanism (e.g., formula
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`and/or algorithm) by which a UE determines the ordinal of the PO it belongs to. Parameters to
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`the POC may include UE identity (e.g., IMSI, International Mobile Subscriber Identity) and
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`some system parameters (e.g., 7B which is a number of POs per paging cyclen the LTE and
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`mayalso be applied in NR or another system).
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`One key aspect of the NR is the support for beamforming based operation. One
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`important function in cellular system is to provide a reliable time-frequency reference for the
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`REDLINED SUBSTITUTE SPECIFICATION
`ATTORNEY DOCKETNO. 736456.495USPC
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`UEs. While in LTEthe signal used for this purpose is broadcasted in the cell, in the NR,this
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`signal needs to be transmitted in different directions (beams)at different time instants. Thus,
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`SSBs are defined containing time-frequency reference and information to allow a UE to access
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`the system. Since the SSBs are respectively transmitted in all directions,it is possible, in
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`principle, for a UE to catch, 7.e., to be able to successfully receive, at least one of those time-
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`multiplexed SSBs, and eventually access the system. Hence, a UE is self-located by means of
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`the SSB it receives. Since 1) these signals are monitored periodically for other purposes, e.g.,
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`radio resource management, and 2) in principle even IDLE UEscan always determine the SSB
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`they belongto, then it is possible to use this knowledgeto locate the corresponding paging
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`CORESETwithin the PO, as long as someassociation exists, and it is signaled to or known by
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`the UEs. A PO contains paging CORESETscorrespondingto all the SSBs (7.e., beams) andits
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`duration correspondsto the period required to beam-sweeping the paging signals.
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`In the LTE andlikely also in the NR,in case ofinitial synchronization (when the UE is
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`not already camping on or connected to an LTE cell) after detecting the synchronization signals,
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`the UE decodes the Physical Broadcast CHannel (PBCH), from whichcritical system
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`information is obtained. In particular, the PSS and SSS are transmitted periodically and enable
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`the terminal to acquire slot boundary timing. Then, the PBCHofthe cell may be read carrying
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`configuration information. Configuration information may be a commonconfiguration
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`information whichis to be read by all terminals and/or a group of terminals. This may include
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`for instance the configuration of the cell resources such as paging resources. The RMSI
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`(Remaining Minimum System Information) and OSI (Other System Information) are resources
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`pointed to from the PBCH andalso carrying (cell) broadcast common information to be read by
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`any terminal in the cell. This information may also carry configuration. The configuration
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`information may be carried by the resource control protocol (RRC).
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`Fig. 1 depicts the rationale of using several blocks as a mean for time/frequency
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`synchronization in NR. The candidate SSB locations, as well as the total number of them, may
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`be provided in the specification and they are numerology-specific, with a maximum of 1=64
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`SSB for subcarrier spacing of 240 KHz. A numerology is defined by subcarrier spacing and
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`cyclic prefix (CP) overhead. In Fig. 1, candidate locations are represented as boxes. In this
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`REDLINED SUBSTITUTE SPECIFICATION
`ATTORNEY DOCKETNO. 736456.495USPC
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`representation, 5 out of L=8 possible SSB are actually transmitted (indicated by their respective
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`SSB index, “SSB1,”; “SSB2,”; etc.) by the network and signaled through RMSI. In general, the
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`base station (referred to in NR as gNB andsimilar to the eNB / eNodeB of LTE)transmits the
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`different SSBs using different beamsin different time-instants to cover the cell/sector, as
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`illustrated in Fig. 2.
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`It should be noted that a UE monitors the SSB in order to perform some other functions,
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`e.g., Radio Resource Management (RRM)(for instance handover), and hence, UE is aware ofthe
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`best received beam. Moreover, since the gNB does not know the location of IDLE mode UEs
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`within a tracking area, paging messagesalso need to be beam-swept, thus a natural design is to
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`associate the operation of SSB and paging.
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`A key agreementfor this disclosure among the above agreementsstates that QCL (Quasi-
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`colocation) between SSBs and paging (DCI/message) can be assumedby the UEs. The notion of
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`quasi-co-location (QCL) meansthat, the radio channels experienced by signals transmitted by
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`different antenna ports have the same large-scale properties (e.g., average delay spread, Doppler
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`spread/shift, average gain, etc.) if and only if they are quasi-co-located. In practice, it means that
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`signals corresponding to two different channels (e.g., SSBs and paging) are transmitted from the
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`same Transmission and Reception Point (TRP), using the same beam construction. In other
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`words, each SSB transmitted with a unique index hasits corresponding paging signals
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`transmitted using the same beam. The agreementcreates a link between each SSBand the
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`paging messages through QCL. Association between the SSBs and CORESETs is to be
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`indicated by means of the RMSI.
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`Another agreement made so far concernsthe fact that the RMSI, OSI and pagingshall
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`share the same CORESETconfiguration, defined within the IAD_BP. IAD_BPrefersto Initial
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`Active Downlink Bandwidth Part which is defined as the bandwidth of the RMSI, z.e., by
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`location and size. Moreover, different multiplexing patterns between the SSBs and
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`RMSIJ/OSI/paging CORESETsareto be considered.
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`Figure 3A shows a PO, whichstarts at the time instant tO and includesslots 1-2, 1-1, 1.
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`and i+1 inthe IAD_BP. It is noted that the term “IADBP”is used in this disclosure
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`synonymously with the acronym “IAD_BWP.”-
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`REDLINED SUBSTITUTE SPECIFICATION
`ATTORNEY DOCKETNO. 736456.495USPC
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`Figure 3B showsanother example of a PO with someofthe slots including paging
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`CORESETs(PC). In particular, in paging occasion calculation, the starting point (70) should be
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`determined. This has to be done taking into account the transmission of RMSI and OSI
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`CORESET(asthey are also transmitted within the IADBP). The understandingis that the
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`paging CORESETdoes not overlap (does not collide in time) with RMSI/OSI CORESET.
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`RMSI CORESET, OSI CORESET,and paging CORESETareall allocated within the IAD_BP.
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`So, they are located in the same frequency portion. However, they cannot overlap in time, which
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`is achieved by gNB configuring them. Thus, in case of a “Pattern 1” in which the SSBs and the
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`paging CORESETare in the same band IADBP,the transmission pattern of the SSBs,is taken
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`into account. The transmission pattern of SSBs typically takes approximately a half-frame(7.e.,
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`5ms window) every Tsss.
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`In particular, Figure 4 shows framing in NR with SSB burstset. In this exemplary
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`representation, SSB burst set is in the first half-frame. In NR, a frame has 10ms and
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`correspondingly a half-frame has 5ms. Each half-frame has 5 subframes whichare further
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`divided into slots. The numberofslots differs for different frequency bands(i.e., numerologies).
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`In Figure 4, the slot-level structure includes slots (shown with different fill-patterns), each slot
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`containing up to two SSBs. Z is the maximum numberof SS Blocks (SSBs) in bursts. In
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`particular, when looking at Figure 4, in each slot, up to two SSBs may be mapped. For example,
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`in 15 KHz band, 2=4, there is one burst in two neighboringslots ofthe first half-frame andit is
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`assumedthat each ofthe slots carries the two SSBs. For the same frequency band and Z=8, there
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`is still one burst over 4 slots with up to two(all together 8) SSBs. For 120KHz band with L=64,
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`there are four SSB bursts inaset.
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`Figure 5 showsthe 3 possible multiplexing patterns for SSB burst set 510, CORESET
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`520, and PDSCH(data channel) 530.
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`-
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`“Pattern 1” refers to the multiplexing pattern in which the SSBs
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`(SS/PBCHblock) and the RMSI CORESEToccurin different time instances, while the
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`transmission bandwidth for the SS/PBCHblock andthe initial active DL BP containing RMSI
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`CORESEToverlap.
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`REDLINED SUBSTITUTE SPECIFICATION
`ATTORNEY DOCKETNO. 736456.495USPC
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`-
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`“Pattern 2” refers to the multiplexing pattern in which SS/PBCH block
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`and RMSI CORESEToccurin different time instances, while the transmission bandwidth of the
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`SS/PBCHblock doesnot overlap with the initial active DL BP containing RMSI CORESET.
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`-
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`“Pattern 3” refers to the multiplexing pattern in which SS/PBCH block
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`and RMSI CORESEToccurin the sametime instance, and the transmission bandwidth ofthe
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`SS/PBCHblockandthe initial active DL BP containing RMSI CORESETdonot overlap.
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`Moreover, Figure 6 showsperiodicity of an SSB burst set. In general, an SSB burstset
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`has a duration smaller than Sms, 7.e., smaller than a half-frame (the half-frame that is used is
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`indicated by the network,e.g., “0” indicatesa first half-frame and “1” a second half-frame). In
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`Figure 6, the SSB burst periodicity is set to 20 ms (Tssp=20 ms is a default but an operator may
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`configure a different value). In general, currently, the periodicity may be selected out of the
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`values {5, 10, 20, .... 160}. The periodicity configuration is particularly important for
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`multiplexing pattern 1 since it has to be ensured that the SSBs and RMSI CORESETs do not
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`overlap.
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`Figure 7 showsthat SSBs and RMSI CORESETcan have different numerologies and
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`specifies for different frequency ranges the number of SSBs and numerology (Sub-Carrier-
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`Spacing, SCS). For example, based on the table in Fig. 7, possible CORESET durations (in
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`symbols) are follows:
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`-
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`-
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`Pattern 1: {1,2,3}, pattern 2: {1,2}, and pattern 3: {2}.
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`RMSI CORESETconfiguration depends on SSB/RMSI numerology
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`combination as well as the multiplexing pattern.
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`-
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`This configuration is re-used by OSI and paging.
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`Figure 8 showsrelation between frequency bands, SSBs and numerology. In particular, it
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`has been agreed that the maximum numberof SS-blocks within SS burst set, L, for different
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`frequency ranges are as follows:
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`-
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`—
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`—
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`For frequency range up to 3 GHz, Lis 4
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`For frequency range from 3 GHz to 6 GHz,L is 8
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`For frequency range from 6 GHz to 52.6 GHz, L is 64 Just a clarification.
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`The value ‘Z’ is the maximum numberof SSBs that can be transmitted. The operator can decide
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`REDLINED SUBSTITUTE SPECIFICATION
`ATTORNEY DOCKETNO. 736456.495USPC
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`to use less beams. How many beamsare used, and when,they are transmitted (in a predefined
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`set of candidate location for the SSBs) is indicated by the network.
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`In general, it is desirable to avoid the UE to monitor the whole PO where several paging
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`CORESETare transmitted using different beams, which can be inefficient (energy costly).
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`Hence, taking advantage of the QCL is a preferred approach.
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`Thus, the present disclosure relates to allocation and design of paging occasions.
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`A user device and a basestation corresponding to an exemplary embodimentof the
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`present disclosure are shownin Fig. 9. The user device 910 (7.e., user equipment (UE)or user
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`terminal) and the base station 960 (7.e., a gNB of NR) communicate with each other over a
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`wireless channel 950.
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`The present disclosure relates to transmission and reception of paging signals and in
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`particular to determination of location and/or length for the paging signals. In particular, it
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`relates to determining the location and length of the paging occasions taking into account beam-
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`sweeping operation such as the one used in NR.
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`Moreover, in some embodiments, additional constraints (which may follow from some
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`desirable design principles discussed in 3GPP) to take into account include: pre-synchronization,
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`avoiding CORESETs collisions, and load-adaptation (7.e., paging capacity should be at least
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`equal to LTE and adjustable). In general, a unified frameworkis