To:
`
`Subject:
`
`Sent:
`
`Sent As:
`
`Attachments:
`
`Panasonic Avionics Corporation (brian.furrer@panasonic.aero)
`
`U.S. TRADEMARK APPLICATION NO. 86499954 - FLIGHTLINK - 004T
`
`11/30/2015 11:00:55 AM
`
`ECOM118@USPTO.GOV
`
`Attachment - 1
`Attachment - 2
`Attachment - 3
`Attachment - 4
`Attachment - 5
`Attachment - 6
`Attachment - 7
`Attachment - 8
`Attachment - 9
`Attachment - 10
`Attachment - 11
`Attachment - 12
`Attachment - 13
`Attachment - 14
`
`UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE (USPTO)
`OFFICE ACTION (OFFICIAL LETTER) ABOUT APPLICANT’S TRADEMARK APPLICATION
`
`U.S. APPLICATION SERIAL NO.   86499954
`
`           
`
`MARK: FLIGHTLINK
`
`CORRESPONDENT ADDRESS:
`  
`       BRIAN FURRER
`  
`       PANASONIC AVIONICS CORPORATION
`         26200 ENTERPRISE WAY
`           LAKE FOREST, CA 92630-8400
`    
`   
`APPLICANT: Panasonic Avionics Corporation
`
`*86499954*
`
`CLICK HERE TO RESPOND TO THIS LETTER:
`http://www.uspto.gov/trademarks/teas/response_forms.jsp
`
`VIEW YOUR APPLICATION FILE
`
`    
`CORRESPONDENT’S REFERENCE/DOCKET NO :       
`CORRESPONDENT E-MAIL ADDRESS:       
`
`  004T
`
`   
`
`brian.furrer@panasonic.aero
`
`STRICT DEADLINE TO RESPOND TO THIS LETTER
`TO AVOID ABANDONMENT OF APPLICANT’S TRADEMARK APPLICATION, THE USPTO MUST RECEIVE APPLICANT’S
`COMPLETE RESPONSE TO THIS LETTER WITHIN 6 MONTHS OF THE ISSUE/MAILING DATE BELOW.
`
`OFFICE ACTION
`
`ISSUE/MAILING DATE: 11/30/2015
`
`THIS IS A FINAL ACTION.
`
`TEAS PLUS OR TEAS REDUCED FEE (TEAS RF) APPLICANTS – TO MAINTAIN LOWER FEE, ADDITIONAL
`REQUIREMENTS MUST BE MET, INCLUDING SUBMITTING DOCUMENTS ONLINE:  Applicants who filed their application
`online using the lower-fee TEAS Plus or TEAS RF application form must (1) file certain documents online using TEAS, including responses to
`Office actions (see TMEP §§819.02(b), 820.02(b) for a complete list of these documents); (2) maintain a valid e-mail correspondence address;
`and (3) agree to receive correspondence from the USPTO by e-mail throughout the prosecution of the application.  See 37 C.F.R. §§2.22(b),
`
` 
` 
` 
` 
` 
` 
` 
` 
` 
`

`

`2.23(b); TMEP §§819, 820.  TEAS Plus or TEAS RF applicants who do not meet these requirements must submit an additional processing fee of
`$50 per international class of goods and/or services.  37 C.F.R. §§2.6(a)(1)(v), 2.22(c), 2.23(c); TMEP §§819.04, 820.04.  However, in certain
`situations, TEAS Plus or TEAS RF applicants may respond to an Office action by authorizing an examiner’s amendment by telephone without
`incurring this additional fee. 
`This letter confirms applicant’s response filed October 12, 2015.   The refusal under Trademark Act Sections 1 and 45 based on an unacceptable
`specimen has been obviated by applicant’s amended filing basis associated with the identified services reflecting a bona fide intention to use the
`mark in commerce under Trademark Act §1(b).  TMEP §714.04.
`However, for the reasons set forth below, the refusal under Trademark Act Section 2(e)(1), 15 U.S.C. §1052(e)(1) based on the descriptive nature
`of the proposed mark is now made FINAL. 37 C.F.R. §2.64(a).
`
`Refusal - Merely Descriptive
`As noted in the Office Action mailed April 23, 2015, a mark is merely descriptive if it describes an ingredient, quality, characteristic, function,
`feature, purpose, or use of an applicant’s services.   TMEP §1209.01(b); see, e.g., DuoProSS Meditech Corp. v. Inviro Med. Devices, Ltd., 695
`F.3d 1247, 1251, 103 USPQ2d 1753, 1755 (Fed. Cir. 2012) (quoting In re Oppedahl & Larson LLP, 373 F.3d 1171, 1173, 71 USPQ2d 1370,
`1371 (Fed. Cir. 2004)); In re Steelbuilding.com, 415 F.3d 1293, 1297, 75 USPQ2d 1420, 1421 (Fed. Cir. 2005) (citing Estate of P.D. Beckwith,
`Inc. v. Comm’r of Patents , 252 U.S. 538, 543 (1920)). 
`In this case, the proposed mark FLIGHTLINK merely describes meteorological and weather services provided to various airplanes and airline
`fleets connected to a shared voice and data communications system for safe travel, airspace management and accurate real-time aviation
`monitoring, analysis and reporting.  Trademark Act Section 2(e)(1), 15 U.S.C. §1052(e)(1); TMEP §§1209 et seq.
`Applicant argues that the mark is not descriptive because “FLIGHTLINK does not immediately convey to one encountering it the nature of [its]
`services.”   However, the determination of whether a mark is merely descriptive is made in relation to an applicant’s services, not in the abstract.  
`DuoProSS Meditech Corp. v. Inviro Med. Devices, Ltd., 695 F.3d 1247, 1254, 103 USPQ2d 1753, 1757 (Fed. Cir. 2012); In re The Chamber of
`Commerce of the U.S., 675 F.3d 1297, 1300, 102 USPQ2d 1217, 1219 (Fed. Cir. 2012); TMEP §1209.01(b); see, e.g., In re Polo Int’l Inc. , 51
`USPQ2d 1061, 1062-63 (TTAB 1999) (finding DOC in DOC-CONTROL would refer to the “documents” managed by applicant’s software
`rather than the term “doctor” shown in a dictionary definition); In re Digital Research Inc., 4 USPQ2d 1242, 1243-44 (TTAB 1987) (finding
`CONCURRENT PC-DOS and CONCURRENT DOS merely descriptive of “computer programs recorded on disk” where the relevant trade
`used the denomination “concurrent” as a descriptor of a particular type of operating system).  
`“Whether consumers could guess what the product [or service] is from consideration of the mark alone is not the test.”   In re Am.
`Greetings Corp., 226 USPQ 365, 366 (TTAB 1985).
`Rather, the question is “whether someone who knows what the goods and[/or] services are will understand the mark to convey information about
`them.” DuoProSS Meditech Corp. v. Inviro Med. Devices, Ltd., 695 F.3d 1247, 1254, 103 USPQ2d 1753, 1757 (Fed. Cir. 2012) (quoting In re
`Tower Tech, Inc., 64 USPQ2d 1314, 1316-17 (TTAB 2002)); In re Franklin Cnty. Historical Soc’y , 104 USPQ2d 1085, 1087 (TTAB 2012).
`In this case, the evidence attached to the initial refusal shows the terms “Flight” and “Link” mean “a trip made by or in an airplane or
`spacecraft” and/or “a group of similar beings or objects flying through the air together” and “a connecting element or factor”, “a unit in a
`communication system” and/or “an identifier attached to an element (as an index term) in a system in order to indicate or permit connection with
`other similarly identified elements”. See the sample dictionary definitions attached to the previous Action.
`In this regard, applicant does not dispute the descriptive nature of the word “Flight” in relation to the identified services.   Rather, applicant
`merely alleges that “m ultiple meanings for the word ‘Link’ demonstrate that this portion of the mark is ambiguous and cannot be considered
`merely descriptive of the services.”   For example, applicant notes that “[t] he first definition of ‘Link’ listed in the Merriam-Webster Dictionary
`attached to the Office Action states that a link is ‘a connecting structure’.”
`However, as previously noted, descriptiveness is considered in relation to the relevant services.  DuoProSS Meditech Corp. v. Inviro Med.
`Devices, Ltd., 695 F.3d 1247, 1254, 103 USPQ2d 1753, 1757 (Fed. Cir. 2012).  “That a term may have other meanings in different contexts is
`not controlling.”   In re Franklin Cnty. Historical Soc’y , 104 USPQ2d 1085, 1087 (TTAB 2012) (citing In re Bright-Crest, Ltd., 204 USPQ 591,
`593 (TTAB 1979)); TMEP §1209.03(e). 
`Moreover, applicant ignored the definitions showing the word “Link” means “a unit in a communication system” and/or “an identifier attached
`to an element (as an index term) in a system in order to indicate or permit connection with other similarly identified elements”.   In addition to
`these meanings, more definitions are attached to this letter showing the word “Link” means “something that enables communication between
`people”, “to connect computers so that information can be sent between them”, “anything serving to connect one part or thing with another”
`and/or “connect”.   This evidence clearly supports the stated refusal.  Accordingly, applicant’s argument is not persuasive.
`Applicant also contends that “the Examining Attorney has provided no evidence as to the common understanding of [its] mark as a whole.”  
`However, a trademark examining attorney may consider the significance of each element separately in the course of evaluating the mark as a
`whole.  See DuoProSS Meditech Corp. v. Inviro Med. Devices, Ltd., 695 F.3d 1247, 1253, 103 USPQ2d 1753, 1756-57 (Fed. Cir. 2012)
`(reversing Board’s denial of cancellation for SNAP! with design for medical syringes as not merely descriptive when noting that the Board “to
`be sure, [could] ascertain the meaning and weight of each of the components that ma[de] up the mark”); In re Hotels.com, L.P., 573 F.3d 1300,
`1301, 1304, 1306, 91 USPQ2d 1532, 1533, 1535, 1537 (Fed. Cir. 2009) (holding HOTELS.COM generic for information and reservation
`services featuring temporary lodging when noting that the Board did not commit error in considering “the word ‘hotels’ for genericness
`separate from the ‘.com’ suffix”).
`In this case, the dictionary definitions of record and specimen indicating that “ connected aircraft benefit from a wide range of aviation
`applications that enhance the operations of partnering airlines, including automatic, global real-time aircraft position reports” and “[t]he shared
`satellite datalink provides carriers with improved air-ground and ground-air communications, including both voice & text during each flight”
`undoubtedly support the stated refusal.  [Emphasis added].
`
`

`

`2.
`
`3.
`4.
`
`Moreover, the following passages from applicant’s website demonstrate the descriptive significance of the word “Link” in relation to the
`identified services:
`solution that includes multi-function atmospheric and GPS sensors, dedicated two-way satellite
`“FlightLink is a complete ‘end-to-end’
`1.
`communication system, and ground-based data management and quality assurance.”;
`“FlightLink is compatible with all aircraft types, and the communication architecture provides real-time two way information exchange at
`any altitude, everywhere aircraft fly, even over the poles.”;
`“The FlightLink system includes a dedicated Iridium satellite datalink and operates automatically, requiring no crew involvement.”; and
`“The patented TAMDAR sensor collects sophisticated weather data through the upper atmosphere during the flight of an aircraft, and
`transmits the information via Iridium satellites in real-time for analysis and assimilation into high-resolution weather forecasting models.”
`[Emphasis added]. Material obtained from applicant’s website is acceptable as competent evidence.   See In re N.V. Organon, 79 USPQ2d 1639,
`1642-43 (TTAB 2006); In re Promo Ink, 78 USPQ2d 1301, 1302-03 (TTAB 2006); In re A La Vieille Russie Inc., 60 USPQ2d 1895, 1898
`(TTAB 2001); TBMP §1208.03; TMEP §710.01(b).
`Applicant further posits that the stated refusal should be withdrawn because “[a] ll of the marks cited in the Office Action [showing
`the words “ FLIGHT”, “LINK” and variants thereof in relation to meteorological/weather-related goods and services] use either the word
`FLIGHT or LINK in combination with other words, but none of the cited marks use the words together to describe services comparable to the
`Applicant’s.”
`However, the fact that an applicant may be the first or only user of a merely descriptive designation does not necessarily render a word or term
`incongruous or distinctive.  See In re Phoseon Tech., Inc., 103 USPQ2d 1822, 1826 (TTAB 2012); In re Sun Microsystems, Inc., 59 USPQ2d
`1084, 1087 (TTAB 2001); TMEP §1209.03(c).
`  E.g., In re Merrill
`Finally, applicant argues that any doubt regarding the mark’s descriptiveness should be resolved on applicant’s behalf.
`Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc., 828 F.2d 1567, 1571 4 USPQ2d 1141, 1144 (Fed. Cir. 1987); In re Grand Forest Holdings, Inc., 78
`USPQ2d 1152, 1156 (TTAB 2006).  However, in the present case, the evidence of record leaves no doubt that the mark is merely descriptive.
`Based on the foregoing remarks, because the proposed mark FLIGHTLINK is merely descriptive of meteorological and weather services
`provided to various airplanes and airline fleets connected to a shared voice and data communications system for safe travel, airspace management
`and accurate real-time aviation monitoring, analysis and reporting, the refusal to register under Trademark Act Section 2(e)(1) is maintained and
`made FINAL.
`Application to Supplemental Register Not Permitted Until Allegation of Use is Filed
`A mark in an application under Trademark Act Section 1(b) is not eligible for registration on the Supplemental Register until an acceptable
`amendment to allege use under 37 C.F.R. §2.76 has been filed.  37 C.F.R. §§2.47(d), 2.75(b); TMEP §§815.02, 1102.03.  When a Section 1(b)
`application is successfully amended to the Supplemental Register, the effective filing date of the application will be the date on which applicant
`met the minimum filing requirements of 37 C.F.R. §2.76(c) for the amendment to allege use.  37 C.F.R. §2.75(b); TMEP §§816.02, 1102.03.
`
`Proper Response to Final Action
`
`Applicant must respond within six months of the date of issuance of this final Office action or the application will be abandoned.  15 U.S.C.
`§1062(b); 37 C.F.R. §2.65(a).  Applicant may respond by providing one or both of the following:
`
`(1)      
`
`A response that fully satisfies all outstanding requirements and/or resolves all outstanding refusals.
`
`(2)      
`
`An appeal to the Trademark Trial and Appeal Board, with the appeal fee of $100 per class.
`
`37 C.F.R. §2.63(b)(1)-(2); TMEP §714.04; see 37 C.F.R. §2.6(a)(18); TBMP ch. 1200.
`
`In certain rare circumstances, an applicant may respond by filing a petition to the Director pursuant to 37 C.F.R. §2.63(b)(2) to review
`procedural issues.  TMEP §714.04; see 37 C.F.R. §2.146(b); TBMP §1201.05; TMEP §1704 (explaining petitionable matters).  The petition fee
`is $100.  37 C.F.R. §2.6(a)(15).
`
`Miscellaneous
`If applicant has questions about its application or needs assistance in responding to this Office action, please telephone the assigned trademark
`examining attorney directly at the number below.
`
`/David Yontef/
`Trademark Attorney Advisor
`Law Office 118
`(571) 272-8274
`david.yontef@uspto.gov
`
`TO RESPOND TO THIS LETTER:  Go to http://www.uspto.gov/trademarks/teas/response_forms.jsp.   Please wait 48-72 hours from the
`
` 
` 
` 
` 
` 
`  
`  
` 
`

`

`issue/mailing date before using the Trademark Electronic Application System (TEAS), to allow for necessary system updates of the application. 
`For technical assistance with online forms, e-mail TEAS@uspto.gov.  For questions about the Office action itself, please contact the assigned
`trademark examining attorney.  E-mail communications will not be accepted as responses to Office actions; therefore, do not respond to
`this Office action by e-mail.
`
`All informal e-mail communications relevant to this application will be placed in the official application record.
`
`WHO MUST SIGN THE RESPONSE:  It must be personally signed by an individual applicant or someone with legal authority to bind an
`applicant (i.e., a corporate officer, a general partner, all joint applicants).  If an applicant is represented by an attorney, the attorney must sign the
`
`response.  
`PERIODICALLY CHECK THE STATUS OF THE APPLICATION:  To ensure that applicant does not miss crucial deadlines or official
`notices, check the status of the application every three to four months using the Trademark Status and Document Retrieval (TSDR) system at
`http://tsdr.uspto.gov/.  Please keep a copy of the TSDR status screen.  If the status shows no change for more than six months, contact the
`Trademark Assistance Center by e-mail at TrademarkAssistanceCenter@uspto.gov or call 1-800-786-9199.  For more information on checking
`status, see http://www.uspto.gov/trademarks/process/status/.
`
`TO UPDATE CORRESPONDENCE/E-MAIL ADDRESS:  Use the TEAS form at http://www.uspto.gov/trademarks/teas/correspondence.jsp.
`
` 
` 
` 
`  
`

`

`httb'flvmnm oxforddlctlonarles comlusldetlnltlon/amerlcan enqllshfllnk
`
`11/30/2015 10 34'11 AM
`
`Oxford Dictionaries
`. Languagemaflers
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`ABOUT
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`HELP
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`HOME > US ENGLISH > LlNK
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`There are 2 main definitions ofl'inir in English: 0 2
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`llnk
`See definition In Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary
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`‘
`
`Top 1000 frequently used words
`Syllabificafiun: link
`Pronunciation: lliNka
`
`noun
`
`1 Arelationship betweentwothings orsituations,especiallywhere onething afiectstheother
`investigating a link between pollution andforest decline!
`MORE EXAMPLE SENTENCES
`SYNONVMS
`
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`1 A social or professional connection between people or organizations:
`‘he retained strong links with the media'
`MORE EXAMPLE SENTENCES
`SYNONYMS
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`1 2 Romethlng that enables communication between people
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`MORE EXAMPLE SENTENCES
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`W WordStream
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`him/[mm oxforddictionaries comlusldeiinition/americah enqiishflink 11/30/2015 10 34'11 AM
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`they set up a satellite link with Tokyo’
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`EXAMPLE SENTENCES
`SYNONYMS
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`21 A unit of measurement of length equal to one hundredth of a surveying chain (792 inches)
`
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`1 Make, form, or suggesl a conneclion with or between
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`[WiTH CEJEC‘U: rumors that linked his name wrfl: judlth
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`[NO OBJECT]: 'chree difi'enentgroups‘, each linking with the other’
`MORE EXAMPLE SENTENCES
`SYNONYMS
`
`v
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`1 2 Computing Create a hyperlink between (web pages or hypenexi documents):
`’I've had pmblems linking my blag to other websites’
`[NO OBJECTJ' ’it turns out he reads my blogs and was very pleased I'd linked in his article'
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`WORD OF THE DAY
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`tI'O pOSp h 9re
`Find our What '1 ”195’“
`
`Related Words
`
`link
`die link
`link farm
`link road
`
`

`

`11/30/2015 10 34'11 AM
`hftD'f/Vmflm oxforddictionaries comlusldefinition/amencan enolishflink
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`Origin
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`Words that rhyme with link
`belhink, blink, brink, Einque, clink, dink, drink, fink, Frink, gink, ink, inierlink, jink, kink, mink, pink,
`plink, pnnk, rink, shrink, sink, skink, slink, slink, sync, think, Wink, Zinl:
`
`Definition of link in:
`- British & World English dictionary
`- English synonyms
`- US English synonyms
`- Spanish diclionary
`
`Indoor & Outdoor Thermometer in...
`$32.07 $49.44
`
`
`
`HOME > USENGLISH > LlNK
`
`There are 2 main definitions of link in English:
`‘1'“11
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`I o
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`A A fi
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`

`

`http'flwmm oxforddictionaries comlusldeiinition/american enqlishflink
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`11/30/2015 10 34'11 AM
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`
`llnk'
`See definition In Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary
`Syllabificafiun: link
`Pronunciatiun: lliNqu'
`noun
`historical
`A torch of pitch and tow for lighting the way in dark streets.
`
`Origin
`Early 15th century: perhaps from medieval Latin lifn)r:hinus 'Wick" from Greek lukhnos 'light'.
`
`Definition of link in:
`- BilllSh & World English dictionary
`- English synnnyrns
`- US English synonyms
`- Spanish dictionary
`
`W'hat do you find interesting about this word or phrase?
`Comments maiden? adhwe to our Community Guidelines may be moderated wremaved.
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`

`http'flwmm macmillandictionar coml'dictionar lamerican/link i
`
`11l30f201510'36 04 AM
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`link 7 definilion and synonyms m
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` Contrihule to our Open chlinnary
`[USUALLY PASSIVE]
`ifpeople‘ Il’lingS, or events are linked_ they are
`related to each olner in some way
`Police suspecl Ma! me two murder cases are linked
`be linked Domini something Rock must: has ofien been llnkeo With
`me drug culture
`be closelynnemicablylintimalely linked: People‘s physical and
`emotional welirbeing are inextricably llnked
`Fl Synonyms and related words
`To be connected with or related In something:
`link surround correspond
`Explore Thesaurus
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`What are red words?
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`Related words
`link ‘ ¥
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`link bail
`link love
`link rot
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`causes the other
`link someonelsomeahing lo something Purine have eiIl'UEnL‘e llnki'ng
`Bales lo a drugrimpan‘alion operation
`Screriilsrs new link eel-ram types or cancer in the amount orjunk road
`met people consume.
`E Synnnyms and related words
`To nnmpare or connect lhings: compare, mnnecr lan
`Explore Thesaurus
`
`to connect two or more places
`Several new roads will link me soulhern aim‘ northern regions of the
`
`
`
`Facebook
`
`TWitler
`
`

`

`11130f2015 10'36 04 AM
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`Explore Thesaurus
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`http'flvmnm macmlllandlctlonar comfdlctlonar famerlcanllmk 1
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`Link l Define Link at Dictionary.com
`
`Page 1 of 5
`
`Dictionary. com (http://dictionary. reference. coml)
`
`()
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`Word of the Day (http://dicti0nary.reference.com/wordoftheday)
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`)rdoftheday)
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`Translate (http://translate.reference.com/)
`Games (http://dictionary.reference.com/fun)
`
`Blog (http://blog.clictionary.com/)
`
`(http:/ldictionary. reference. coml)
`
`n)
`
`definitions
`
`link
`
`Temptations Feline Favorites Variety Pack
`1,853
`
`.
`1
`I n k (http://static.sfdict.com/staticrep/dictaudio/L02/L0277300.mp3)
`
`I
`
`'
`
`[Iingk]
`
`Synonyms
`
`Examples
`
`Word Origin
`
`noun
`
`1. one of the rings or separate pieces of which a chain is composed.
`
`0V
`
`2. anything serving to connect one part or thing with another; a bond or tie:
`
`The locket was a link with the past.
`
`3.
`
`a unit in a communications system, as a radio relay station or a television booster
`station.
`
`4. any of a series of sausages in a chain.
`
`5.
`
`a cuff link.
`
`6.
`
`a ring, loop, or the like:
`a link of hair.
`
`7. Computers. an object, as text or graphics, linked through hypertext to a document,
`
`another object, etc.
`
`http://dicti0nary.reference.com/browse/link?r=66
`
`11/30/2015
`
`

`

`Link l Define Link at Dictionarycom
`
`Page 2 of 5
`
`verb (used with or without object)
`
`11. to join by or as if by a link or links; connect; unite (often followed by up):
`The new bridge will link the island to the mainland. The company will soon link up with
`a hotel chain.
`
`Origin of link 1
`
`late Middle English
`
`Old Danish
`(http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/Old0/o
`20Danish)
`
`1375-1425
`
`1375-1425; late Middle English link (e) < Old Danish laenkia chain; cognate with Old Norse
`
`hlekkr link (plural, chain), Old English hlence coat of chain mail, akin to German Gelenk
`
`joint
`
`Related forms
`
`linker, noun
`
`Synonyms
`
`2. connection, connective, copula. 10. bond, league, conjoin, fasten, bind, tie, pin.
`
`.
`2
`I n k (http://static.sfdict.com/staticrep/dictaudio/LOZ/L0277400.mp3)
`
`I
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`http:lldictionaryreference.com/browsellink?r=66
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`11/30/2015
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`

`

`Link l Define Link at Dictionary.com
`
`Page 3 0f 5
`
`[Iingk]
`
`noun
`
`1.
`
`a torch, especially of tow and pitch.
`
`Origin
`
`1520-30; perhaps special use of link (http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/link)1; the
`
`torches so called may have been made of strands twisted together in chainlike form
`
`Dictionary.com Unabridged
`Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2015.
`Cite This Source (http://dictionary.reference.com/cite.html?qh=link&ia=luna)
`
`Examples from the Web for link
`
`Contempora ry Examples
`
`The McDaniel campaign has strongly denied any link to the break-in or to Kelly.
`
`(http:yyifilufimmfibggmggéggtiugtfiehind Housing Complaint Targeting GOP Senator
`sourcélettnudwayw)thedailybeast.com/articles/2014/05/29/influentia|-conservative-behind-housing-complaint-
`ta rgeti ng -gop-senator.html ?source=dictionary)
`Ben Jacobs (http ://www.thedai beeast.com/contributors/ben—jacobs.html?source=d ictionary)
`May 28, 2014
`
`“The U.S.
`said.
`
`is going to want to keep these as separate issues and not link them formally with a quid pro quo,” he
`
`(httpyywvwamffifluaiweémfia for Nukes? (http://www.thedailybeast.com/artic|es/2014/09/25/will-iran-sell-
`sourcguajatfgfigqq—for—nukeshtml?source=dictionary)
`Josh Rogin, Eli Lake (http://www.thedailybeast.com/contributors/josh-rogin-eli-lake.html?
`source=dictionary)
`September 24, 2014
`
`Here's a link to yesterday's Left, Right & Center on KCRW Santa Monica.
`
`British Dictionary definitions for link
`
`http://dicti0nary.reference.com/browse/link?r=66
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`11/30/2015
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`

`Link l Define Link at Dictionary.com
`
`Page 4 0f 5
`
`ttp :// wmlthedai lybeast.com?
`
`99ka
`
`/h0k/
`
`noun
`
`1. any of the separate rings, loops, or pieces that connect or make up a chain
`
`2. something that resembles such a ring, loop, or piece
`
`linkz
`
`/h0k/
`
`noun
`
`1.
`
`(formerly) a torch used to light dark streets
`
`Word Origin
`
`C16: perhaps from Latin chhnus, from Greek iukhnos lamp
`
`Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition
`© William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins
`Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012
`Cite This Source (http://dictionary.reference.com/cite.html?qh=link&ia=ced2)
`
`Word Origin and History for link
`
`n.
`
`early 15c., "one of a series of rings or loops which form a chain; section of a cord,"
`
`probably from Old Norse *hlenkr or a similar Scandinavian source (cf. Old Norse hlekkr
`"link," Old Swedish laenker "chain, link," Norwegian Ienke, Danish Iaenke), from Proto-
`
`Germanic *khiink- (cf. German Ienken "to bend, turn, lead," gelenk "articulation, joint,
`link," Old English hlencan (plural) "armor"), from PIE root *kieng- "to bend, turn." Missing
`
`link between man and apes dates to 1880.
`
`http://dicti0nary.reference.com/browse/link?r=66
`
`11/30/2015
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`

`

`Link | Define Link at Dictionaryeom
`
`Page 5 of 5
`
`"torch," 15205, of uncertain origin, possibly from Medieval Latin iinchinus, from iichinus
`
`"wick," from Greek iykhnos "portable light, lamp."
`
`"bind, fasten, to couple," late 14c., believed to be from link (/browse/link) (n.), though it
`
`is attested earlier. Related: Linked ; linking.
`
`Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2010 Douglas Harper
`Cite This Source (http://dictionary.reference.com/cite.html?qh=link&ia=etymon2)
`
`link in Science
`
`""k (htugWEE-369.5%ééFgcl‘ntne/‘dt'c‘illsccE—lfi'éfél’cfi8Weill/$969léllé'li‘saclYEfllb'iflfBBWRlleESmll
`A segment of text or a graphical item that serves as a cross-reference between parts of a
`
`webpage or other hypertext documents or between webpages or other hypertext
`documents.
`
`The American Heritage® Science Dictionary
`Copyright © 2002. Published by Houghton Mifflin. All rights reserved.
`Cite This Source (http://dictionary.reference.c0m/cite.html?qh:link&ia:a hsd)
`
`link in Technology
`
`1. hard link (http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/hard link) or symbolic link
`
`(http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/symbolic link).
`
`2. hypertext link (http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/hypertext link).
`(1997-10-22)
`
`The Free On—line Dictionary of Computing, © Denis Howe 2010 http://foldoc.0rg (http://foldoc.0rg)
`Cite This Source (http://dictionary.reference.com/cite.html?qh=link&ia=foldoc)
`
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